VK2735 is a dual glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist peptide developed by Viking Therapeutics for the treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders. Like tirzepatide (Mounjaro/Zepbound), VK2735 activates both GLP-1 and GIP receptors to produce weight loss and metabolic improvements through complementary hormonal pathways.
A distinguishing feature of VK2735 is its parallel development in both subcutaneous injectable and oral tablet formulations. The oral formulation does not require the strict fasting conditions needed for oral semaglutide (Rybelsus), which could provide a significant convenience advantage.
VK2735 advanced rapidly through clinical development, with Phase 2 data showing up to 14.7% weight loss in just 13 weeks of subcutaneous treatment (with no plateau observed), leading to initiation of the Phase 3 VANQUISH program.
VK2735 is a dual agonist that activates both GLP-1 and GIP receptors:
GLP-1 receptor activation:
- Appetite suppression via hypothalamic and brainstem receptors
- Glucose-dependent insulin secretion
- Glucagon suppression
- Gastric emptying delay
GIP receptor activation:
- Additional insulin sensitization
- Enhanced lipid metabolism
- Complementary appetite regulation through distinct neural pathways
- Potential benefits for adipose tissue remodeling
The dual GLP-1/GIP mechanism provides additive or synergistic effects on weight loss and metabolic improvement beyond selective GLP-1 agonism alone, as demonstrated by the superior efficacy of tirzepatide over semaglutide in the SURPASS-2 head-to-head trial.
The VENTURE trial enrolled 176 adults with obesity or overweight, randomized to weekly subcutaneous VK2735 at escalating dose cohorts or placebo for 13 weeks. The highest dose cohort achieved 14.7% mean weight loss from baseline (13.1% placebo-adjusted) with 88% achieving 10% or more weight loss. Weight loss was progressive throughout the 13-week treatment period with no plateau observed.
The oral tablet formulation of VK2735 was evaluated in a Phase 2 trial, achieving up to 12.2% weight loss over 13 weeks. This demonstrates that VK2735 can be effectively absorbed orally, providing an alternative for patients who prefer oral medication.
Two Phase 3 trials are underway:
- VANQUISH-1: Subcutaneous VK2735 in adults with obesity; enrolled over 4,500 patients
- VANQUISH-2: Additional Phase 3 trial (details pending)
- VK2735 is investigational and not yet FDA-approved
- Phase 2 data are based on only 13 weeks of treatment; Phase 3 results are pending
- The 14.7% weight loss at 13 weeks suggests potentially competitive efficacy but longer-term data are needed
- Both SC and oral formulations are being developed
- No cardiovascular outcomes data available
- Exact molecular structure has not been publicly disclosed
Phase 2 VENTURE Trial: Subcutaneous VK2735 for Obesity, published in Obesity (journal presentation) (Viking Therapeutics (conference presentation), 2024):
- The study showed highest dose cohort of 14.7% mean weight loss from baseline at 13 weeks
- The study demonstrated placebo adjusted weight loss of 13.1% in highest dose group